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Sometimes Angioplasty and Stenting cannot significantly improve blood flow.  In such cases, Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery is often advised.  This procedure reroutes blood flow to the heart.  To do this, a new pathway is created around the blocked part of an artery.  In most cases, a blood vessel from another part of the body is used to make the bypass.

 
Preparing for Bypass Surgery

Members of your healthcare team will tell you how to get ready for surgery.Be sure to:
  • Tell your doctor about all the medications you take. Also mention any vitamins, herbs and other supplements you use.
  • Stop taking aspirin or other medications if so directed.
  • Stop eating and drinking after the midnight before your surgery.
  • Take daily medications on the day of the procedure as instructed by the doctor performing the surgery.
 
Surgery to Bypass Blockages

Bypass surgery is performed in an operating room.  In most cases, it takes between 3 and 6 hours. A blood vessel from the leg, arm or chest will be used to make each bypass graft.  Removing these vessels usually does not harm blood flow in the rest of the body.  To reach the Heart, Surgeons typically make an incision down the centre of the chest. The breastbone is separated.  Then:

  • If the Bypass Graft is from the arm or leg, one end is secured to the Aorta above the blockage.  The other end is fastened to the Coronary Artery past the blocked area.

  • If a vessel from the chest wall is used, it is rerouted to connect to the Coronary Artery below the blockage.
 

Risks and Complications

As with any procedure, bypass surgery has certain risks.  They include:

  • Breathing or other lung problems
  • Excessive bleeding
  • Wound infection
  • Irregular heart rhythm
  • Risks associated with Anaesthesia
 
After Bypass Surgery

Right after surgery, you’ll be taken to the intensive care unit. (It may also be called the cardiac care unit.)  When you wake up, you’ll have a breathing tube in place.  You’ll also be connected to several devices.  This is normal.  These devices are used to monitor your recovery.  As you become alert and stable, the breathing tube will be removed.
 
Beyond Intensive Care

When you no longer need constant care, you will be moved to another room.  At this point, you may begin eating and taking oral medications.  As soon as possible, you’ll start moving around and walking.  This helps boost muscle strength.  It also improves blood flow and helps aid healing.
 
Going Home

You’ll be able to go home when your doctor feels your condition is stable.  Expect healing to take at least 6 to 8 weeks.  You’re likely to gain a little more energy and strength each day.  During this time, follow up with your doctor as directed.  Also be sure to:

  • Take all medications as prescribed. Take the exact dose as often as instructed.  Don’t stop any medications without your doctor’s okay.

  • Tell your doctor if you have any problems after taking medications.  Upset stomach, diarrhoea or skin rash might occur.

  • Take care of all incisions as directed.  You may be told to wash incisions with warm (not hot) water and soap.  To help prevent infection, don’t use ointments or lotion.

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